Monday, 17 March 2014

Interview Q & A on HTML5 in Asp.Net

 1) What is HTML?

HTML is short for HyperText Markup Language, and is the language of the World Wide Web. It is the standard text formatting language used for creating and displaying pages on the Web. HTML documents are made up of two things: the content and the tags that formats it for proper display on pages.

2) What are tags?

Content is placed in between HTML tags in order to properly format it. It makes use of the less than symbol (<) and the greater than symbol (>). A slash symbol is also used as a closing tag.

3) Do all HTML tags come in pair?

No, there are single HTML tags that does not need a closing tag. Examples are the <img> tag and <br> tags.

4) What are some of the common lists that can be used when designing a page?

You can insert any or a combination of the following list types:
- ordered list
- unordered list
- definition list
- menu list
- directory list
Each of this list types makes use of a different tag set to compose.

5) How do you insert a comment in html?

Comments in html begins with “<!–”nd ends with “–>”.

6) Do all character entities display properly on all systems?

No, there are some character entities that cannot be displayed when the operating system that the browser is running on does not support the characters. When that happens, these characters are displayed as boxes.

7) What is image map?

Image map lets you link to many different web pages using a single image. You can define shapes in images that you want to make part of an image mapping.

8 ) What is the advantage of collapsing white space?

White spaces are blank sequence of space characters, which is actually treated as a single space character in html. Because the browser collapses multiple space into a single space, you can indent lines of text without worrying about multiple spaces. This enables you to organize the html code into a much more readable format.

9) Can attribute values be set to anything or are there specific values that they accept?

Some attribute values can be set to only predefined values. Other attributes can accept any numerical value that represents the number of pixels for a size.

10) How do you insert a copyright symbol on a browser page?

To insert the copyright symbol, you need to type &copy; or & #169; in an HTML file.

11) Do older html files work on newer browsers?

Yes, older html files are compliant to the HTML standard. Most older files work on the newer browsers, though some features may not work.

12) Is there any way to keep list elements straight in an html file?

By using indents, you can keep the list elements straight. If you indent each subnested list in further than the parent list that contains it, you can at a glance determine the various lists and the elements that it contains.

13) Are <br> tags the only way to separate sections of text?

No. The <br> tag is only one way to separate lines of text. Other tags, like the <p> tag and <blockquote> tag, also separate sections of text.

14) What is a marquee?

A marquee allows you to put a scrolling text in a web page. To do this, place whatever text you want to appear scrolling within the <marquee> and </marquee> tags.

15) Can you change the color of bullets?

The bullet color is always the same as that of the first character in the list litem. If you surround the <li> and the first character with a set of <font> tags with the color attribute set, the bullet color and the first character will be a different color from the text.

HTML5:

16)how many ways the data can storage?

There are two new objects for storing data on the client:

    localStorage - stores data with no expiration date
    sessionStorage - stores data for one session

17)What is HTML5 Web Storage?

With HTML5, web pages can store data locally within the user's browser.

Earlier, this was done with cookies. However, Web Storage is more secure and faster. The data is not included with every server request, but used ONLY when asked for. It is also possible to store large amounts of data, without affecting the website's performance.

The data is stored in key/value pairs, and a web page can only access data stored by itself.

18)what is local storage?

The localStorage object stores the data with no expiration date. The data will not be deleted when the browser is closed, and will be available the next day, week, or year.

19)what is session storage object?

The sessionStorage object is equal to the localStorage object, except that it stores the data for only one session. The data is deleted when the user closes the browser window.

20)What is Application Cache?

HTML5 introduces application cache, which means that a web application is cached, and accessible without an internet connection.

Application cache gives an application three advantages:

    Offline browsing - users can use the application when they're offline
    Speed - cached resources load faster
    Reduced server load - the browser will only download updated/changed resources from the server

21)What is server sent events?

A server-sent event is when a web page automatically gets updates from a server.

This was also possible before, but the web page would have to ask if any updates were available. With server-sent events, the updates come automatically.

22)What are Semantic Elements?

A semantic element clearly describes its meaning to both the browser and the developer.

Examples of non-semantic elements: <div> and <span> - Tells nothing about its content.

Examples of semantic elements: <form>, <table>, and <img> - Clearly defines its content.

23)what are new attributes for form?

New attributes for <form>:

    autocomplete
    novalidate

24.How do I declare my page to be HTML5?

Simply start it with: <!DOCTYPE html>

25.Give some examples where HTML5 tries to standardise things?

The <nav> element is used for navigation. Before developers would use their own CSS classes to style html lists to get the effect of tabs and navigation lists.

HTML5 introduces elements such as <footer>,<header> .  Before developers would write their own custom CSS classes for headers and footers. These CSS classes would have their own naming which could vary from developer to developer

26.Is it possible for browsers to support some html 5 features and not others?

Firefox 3.0+, Safari 3.0+, Chrome 3.0+ all support canvas. However, if you want geolocation well then it's Firefox 3.5+, Safari 5.0+, Chrome 5.0+.

27.What is the best way for your page to detect what html 5 features are supported?

Use the modernizr javascript library. It's brilliant.  Not only can it very easily confirm if features such as canvas, video, webworker are supported it can also detect more advanced things such as exactly which video formats (ogg, h264) are supported

28.What is a canvas?

A canvas is rectangle which can be defined for your web page.  There are a range of simple APIs which can be used to draw on the canvas.  They are from the very simple to the very sophisticated - which can be used for animations and even games.

29.Can I have more than one Canvas on the same page?

Yes.  And give each canvas its own id and you can access it like any other element.

30.Name some differences between HTML5 data storage and cookies?

Cookies don't store any information. They are just pointers to information that the client can send to the server.

With Cookies the data being stored is server side. HTML5 data storage is client side.
Storage mechanism are going to be more sophisticated server side. HTML5 client side data storage will have limitations.

31.What's the big deal with autofocus in HTML5?

Now defining which part of the page gets default focus is easy

All form controls can have the attribute autofocus.Because autofocus can now be done in a standardised way, (i.e. no need for complex javascript) it's easier for a browser to provide the option to disable it.

32.What kind of location information do I get with Geolocation?

The location information that you can get is basically any of the properties of the position object. These are pretty self explanatory and include:
coords.latitude
coords.longitude
coords.altitude
coords.accuracy
coords.altitudeAccuracy
coords.heading
coords.speed
timestamp

33.What is a web worker?

A web worker is a way of running javascript in the background on a separate thread.
You can spawn multiple web worker threads.

34.Some of the most interesting new features in HTML5:

The <canvas> element for 2D drawing
The <video> and <audio> elements for media playback
Support for local storage
New content-specific elements, like <article>, <footer>, <header>, <nav>, <section>
New form controls, like calendar, date, time, email, url, search

35)What is server sent events?

A)A server-sent event is when a web page automatically gets updates from a server.

36.what are Removed Elements in html5?

The following HTML 4.01 elements are removed from HTML5:

<acronym>
<applet>
<basefont>
<big>
<center>
<dir>
<font>
<frame>
<frameset>
<noframes>
<strike>
<tt>

37. In HTML5, which element is used to group heading elements?

<hgroup>

38. what are HTML5 New Form Elements?

HTML5 has the following new form elements:

<datalist>:The <datalist> element specifies a list of pre-defined options for an <input> element.

The <datalist> element is used to provide an "autocomplete" feature on <input> elements.
<keygen>:The purpose of the <keygen> element is to provide a secure way to authenticate users.

The <keygen> tag specifies a key-pair generator field in a form.

When the form is submitted, two keys are generated, one private and one public.

The private key is stored locally, and the public key is sent to the server. The public key could be used to generate a client certificate to authenticate the user in the future.

<output>:The <output> element represents the result of a calculation (like one performed by a script).

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